Version | Date | What's New |
8.5 | 27-OCT-00 |
Anarchism and Marxism
Slight revisions of each of the existing appendices
to fix minor typing errors. Plus a reply to the
recent British SWP article on
"Marxism and Anarchism"
in which we discuss the errors in the article and
indicate that the disgraceful behaviour of the SWP
in the recent "Battle of Prague" shows that the SWP
are hypocrits as well as why such behaviour flows
naturally from their authoritarian politics.
|
8.4 | 19-JUL-00 |
Section B.4.5
Expansion on why capitalism cannot "leave you alone".
Includes information on self-management schemes and why
they management stop them and what this implies for
capitalism. Plus it discusses the ambiguity of the
slogan "leave me alone" in a hierarchical society.
Section J.5.12
Expansion on why capitalism selects against workers'
self-management even though it is usually more productive
and efficient than wage labour. The hierarchical nature
of the company ensures that such experiments do not
grow and expand.
Section F.1
Slight expansion of "Are
'anarcho'-capitalists really anarchists?"
Adds the point we make elsewhere that they cannot
be considered as anarchists because capitalist
property, like the state, is hierarchical.
Anarchism and Marxism
Two new additions to this appendix. The first
one is on
Marxists and Spanish
Anarchism in which we discuss
various claims made by Marxists (particularly
Trotskyists) about the history and politics of
the Spanish anarchist movement. The second is a
reply to a Marxist diatribe
against the various "direct action" and anti-globalisation
events and organisations, particularly Reclaim the
Streets in London. In addition,
section 12 of the
appendix on the pamphlet "Socialism from
Below" has been expanded to include more
details about anarchist involvement during the
Russian Revolution and their links with the masses
as well as details of the politics of Parisian workers
of the 1860s.
|
8.3 | 13-APR-00 |
Section B.2
Expansion and revision on the section
"Why are anarchists against the state?". Indicates
that the state bureaucracy has its own interests and so the
state is not only the tool of the economically dominant class.
Also indicates the role of the state as protector of the
system as a whole and how it does this.
Section J.1
Revision of the section on "Are Anarchists involved
in social struggles?".
Section D.1
Section D.2
Section D.11
Slight expanision of each of these sections.
Anarchism and Marxism
Revision to fix various minor typos.
|
8.2 | 18-MAR-00 |
Anarchism and Marxism
New appendix for replies to on-line anti-anarchist
webpages and works. Currently contains an indepth
reply to the SWP/ISO pamphlet "Socialism from
Below."
We expose their "The Myth of Anarchist Libertarianism"
to be a mish-mash of lies, half-truths and nonsense and
indicate why Marxism is not Socialism from
Below and why anarchism is.
Section C.1
Revision and expansion of our critique of marginalism
and general equilibrium theory.
Section J.2.10
Slight expansion on why the claim that anarchism is
apolitical because it rejects electioneering is false.
Section J.3.7
Slight expansion on Bakunin's ideas on the tactics of
anarchist groups and why Marxist accounts of them are
false.
Section J.7.2
Slight change to the end of the section on
Is social revolution possible? Stresses that
people change themselves when they change the world
and that libertarian characteristics are generated
by struggle and so co-operative/libertarian tendencies
are a product of struggle, not idealised notions with
little basis in reality.
Section E.7
Slight expansion on why Green Consumerism cannot stop
ecological destruction. Expands on the use of PR firms,
"greenwashing" and how apparently "green" firms
may not be.
Section F.1.3
Section F.2.2
Slight revision of these sections.
|
8.1 | 19-JAN-00 |
Section A.2.9
Expansion on the section on "What sort of society
do anarchists want?" Clarifies the important
difference between delegates and representatives. The former
is the basis for eliminating government, the latter is a
form of government.
Section A.5
Slight expansion to introduction of this sub-section to
hight that anarchists aim for a revolution from
below and that our examples of Anarchy in
Action are expressions of this.
Section A.5.1
Expansion of the section on "The Paris Commune"
to include more information on its anarchistic elements and
to provide more anarchist analysis of it.
Section A.5.2
Expansion of the section on the "Haymarket Martyrs"
to include more of the history of the event, details of the
"Chicago Idea" which inspired them as well as why
anarchists still consider it important.
Section J.5
Slight modification to "What alternative social
organisations do anarchists create?"
Appendix 1
Slight changes to the appendix on "Anarchism and
'Anarcho'-capitalism"
|
8.0 | 14-DEC-99 |
Section G
Revision and expansion of section G which is on the
Individualist Anarchists. In addition to new arguments
in existing sections on why they were libertarian
socialists and not fore-fathers
of "anarcho"-capitalism, there are three new sub-sections:
G.1.1 Why is the social context important in evaluating Individualist Anarchism?
G.2.1 What about their support of the free market?;
G.2.2 What about their support of "private property"?;
Section C.2.6
Section C.2.7
Addition of a couple of Proudhon quotes on why interest is
exploitative and unjustifiable.
Section H -- Introduction
New section. Introduction to the section on why Anarchists
are opposed to Marxism and other forms of state socialism. Also
refutes some of the silly anti-anarchist assertions by Marxists.
Section J.7
New section on What do anarchists mean by social
revolution?. Find out what anarchists mean when they
talk about social revolution, what it would involve and why
most anarchists think it is required (and also why some
anarchists reject it).
|
7.8 | 11-NOV-99 |
Section A.1.4
Slight change to the section on Are anarchists socialists?
Section A.1.5
Expansion of the section on Where does anarchism come from?.
While still stressing that anarchism is a product of working class struggle
against the modern state and capitalism (and for freedom and equality),
it also notes that anarchistic tendencies have existed in society before
anarchism existed as a specific political theory.
Section A.2.7
Expansion to the section on Why do anarchists argue for
self-liberation? in order to stress that it is the process of
rebellion, of self-liberation, that holds the key to a free society.
Section A.2.9
Addition of Kropotkin quote to the section on What sort of society do anarchists want?
Section A.2.14
Revision to the section on Why is voluntarism
not enough? to include a few quotes and to
clarify a few things.
Section A.2.19
Very slight addition to the section on What ethical views do
anarchists hold? to include how inequality erodes ethical
behaviour.
Section B.7.1
Inclusion of more information on classes to the section on
But do classes actually exist?. International
comparisions show that the US has more poverty and the
smallest middle class compared to social democratic states
in Europe. Not surprisingly, as its more free market based.
Section B.7.3
Slight expansion of the section on What do anarchists
mean by "class consciousness"?
Section C.2
Slight expansion of the section on
Where do profits come from?
Section D.10
Expansion of the section on
How does capitalism affect technology?. In
a hierarchical society, technology cannot be truly
neutral -- as anarchists have been aware of since
Proudhon -- and will be used to enchance the power
and profit of the bosses.
Section F.5
Expansion of the section on why privatising everything will
not increase freedom. Discover why a right-libertarian
society implies the end of freedom of travel and the end
of other civil liberties such as freedom of speach.
Section J.2
Expansion of the section on What is Direct Action?.
Find out why anarchists support direct action, why we are
against voting and what our alternative is to electioneering.
An Anarchist FAQ Bibilography
The bibliography for the books we reference in
the FAQ has been considerably added to.
|
7.7 | 14-JUL-99 |
Section J.4
New section on What trends in society aid
anarchist activity? This section includes
discussion of the importance of social struggle and
the myth that its counter-production. In addition,
it discusses anarchist use of the Internet, popular
discontent with the state and big business as well
as economic crisis.
Appendix - Anarchism and "anarcho"-capitalism
Revision and expansion on our reply and critique to
Bryan Caplan's "Anarchist Theory FAQ." Explains why
"anarcho"-capitalism is not anarchist and not part
of the anarchist tradition.
An Anarchist FAQ Bibilography
Incomplete bibliography for the books we reference in
the FAQ. It will be added to as time permits.
Section A.1.1
Slight revision to the section on
What does "anarchy" mean? to stress
that anarchy means far more than just "no government."
Section A.3.1
Section A.3.2
Expansion to the discussion on the differences between
social and individualist anarchists, as well as between
different kinds of social anarchist.
Section A.5.5
Expansion of the section on Anarchists in the Italian Factory
Occupations. Includes more details of the Anarchist
struggle against fascism and refutes claims that Italian Fascism
was somehow related to anarcho-syndicalism.
Section A.2.18
Expansion and revision of the infamous
"propaganda by the deed" period
of anarchist history.
Section F.8
Slight changes to the section on the role of the
state in creating capitalism in the first place.
Section A
Minor changes in section A.
Section B
Minor changes in section B.
|
7.6 | 23-APR-99 |
Section J.3
New section on What kinds of organisation do
anarchists build?. This section discusses
the different kinds of organisations anarchists
create and what role they play in anarchist theory,
as part of society and in the class struggle.
Anarcho-syndicalism is also discussed, as is
why many anarchists are not anarcho-syndicalists.
Also covered is Bakunin's ideas on the role of
revolutionary organisations.
Appendix - The Symbols of Anarchy
New appendix on the history of the common anarchist
symbols: the black flag, the red-and-black flag and the
circled-A
|
7.5 | 15-MAR-99 |
Section C.8
Expansion of section on the role of credit and
state control of money in the business cycle. Discusses
Monetarism and free banking and why they fail to stop
the business cycle.
Section C.11
Slight revision and expansion on the section which
discusses why Chile shows that free-market capitalism
does not benefit everyone and that it was no "economic
miracle".
Section A.2.2
Slight modification to the section on "Why
do anarchists emphasise liberty?".
Section A.2.5
Extension on "why anarchists are in favour
of equality?" to clarify a few points.
Section A.2.8
More arguments explaining why it is impossible to
be an anarchist without opposing hierarchy, including
the hierarchy associated with private property.
Introduction
Slight up-date of the introduction.
|
7.4 | 17/12/98 |
Section C.7
Expansion, revision and reorganisation of section on
"What causes the capitalist business cycle?".
Includes new facts and figures and expands on original
arguments. Why boom and bust is inherent in capitalism
and the role of class struggle, investment and the price
mechanism in it.
Section C.9
Expansion, revision and reorganisation of section on
Would laissez-faire policies reduce unemployment,
as "free market" capitalists claim?. Reorganisation
includes new subsections on empirical evidence that suggests
high wages are associated with low unemployment and why
"flexible" labour markets do not seem to be the solution to
unemployment.
Section C.3
Revision on What determines the distribution between
profits and wages within companies?, stressing the
importance of organisation and collective struggle in increasing
wages by increasing bargaining power and indicating that
rising productivity can be associated with lower wages, in
contradiction to the claims of capitalist economics.
|
7.3 | 08/12/98 |
Section A.3.3
Revision and expansion of "What types of Green anarchism
are there?", indicating the links between ecological and
anarchist thought, the different types of green anarchism there
are and where they agree and disagree.
Section A.3.4
Revision and expansion of "Is anarchism pacifistic?" in which
we discuss why many anarchists are pacifists and why anarchism
has close links with pacifist ideas. It also indicates why most
anarchists are not pacifists.
Section A.1.4
Revision of the section on "Are Anarchists Socialists?
to clarify a couple of points and provide a few more quotes from
Individualist anarchists.
Section B.4.3
Revision of the section on "No one forces you to work for them"
which indicates that this refrain of supporters of capitalism misses the point.
Section G.6
Slight expansion on "What are the ideas of Max Stirner? in
relation to his Union of Egoists and why it implies
self-management, not hierarchy.
Section C.5.1
Inclusion of a few quotes by Peter Kropotkin on how Big Business gets
more profits. Big isn't beautiful, but it helps you make more profits!
|
7.2 | 22/05/98 |
Section C.1
Section C.2
Revision and expansion of the anarchist critique of capitalist economics
and why exploitation (unpaid labour) is the root source of profits,
interest and rent.
Section C.10
Expansion of the section on why "free market" capitalism will not benefit
all, especially the poor.
Section C Introduction
Section C.9
Slight changes to these two sub-sections of section C.
|
7.1 | 27/03/98 |
Section A.3.5
Revision and expansion of "What is Anarcha-Feminism?". Includes
a few more quotes and a discussion on why anarchists and anarcha-feminism are
critical of mainstream feminism.
Section A.2.11
Expansion of the section explaining why most anarchists support direct democracy
and consider it as the complement to free association and individual freedom.
Section A.2.13
Slight expansion on the section explaining why anarchists reject "individualism"
and "collectivism" as two sides of the same (capitalist) coin.
Section A.1
Section A.2.2
Section A.2.12
Section A.5.2
Slight revisions to all the above sections.
Section J.5
Slight revisions for grammar.
|
7.0 | 10/03/98 |
Section A.3.7
New sub-section on Are there religious anarchists?. Includes
information on various forms of religious anarchism with particular
reference to Tolstoy.
Section A.3.8
New sub-section on What is "anarchism without adjectives"?.
Gives the history of this form of anarchism, what it is and why it came
about.
Section A.4
Slight revision of this section on Who are the major anarchist thinkers to include information on religious anarchism.
Section C.11
Slight arrangement of sections C.11 and C.12 on the "free market"
capitalist experiment in Pinochet's Chile. C.12 is now included
as a subsection of C.11.
Section C.12
New section C.12 on Hong Kong and why it does not show the benefits of
laissez-faire capitalism as is often claimed.
Section F
Extensive revision of section F on why "anarcho"-capitalism is not a
form of anarchism. Expanded, revised and spell checked.
Replies to the FAQ
New appendix which will list webpages that reply to the FAQ. Currently it
includes a reply to reply on section F.1 done by an "anarcho"-capitalist.
|
6.8 | 07/01/98 |
Section J.5
New sub-section on "What alternative social organisations do anarchists create?. Includes information about community organising, industrial
unionism and networking, mutual/co-operative credit systems, producer co-operatives (and why capitalism is inefficient), libertarian education and
schools, a discussion on Libertarian Municipalism and anarchist views on
state and private welfare and self-managed alternatives to both. Essential
reading if you are interested in anarchy in action
Section A.1
Slightly revised sub-section on "What is Anarchism?".
Section B.1.4
Slight revision on the section on racism, sexism and homophobia and why
they exist to include a summary of a study into the effects of racism in
the USA. The study indicates that racism makes all working people worse off,
including the "white" workers who are often said to benefit from it.
|
6.7 | 18/12/97 |
Section G.6
Slight revision to the section on Max Stirner and his ideas.
Sections J introduction, J.1,
J.2 and J.6
Minor revision on these sections of J for spelling and grammar
|
6.6 | 15/12/97 |
Section B.7
Slight revision to include more details on the concentration of wealth
within the ruling class.
Sections C.4, C.5 and C.6
Major revision on the sections on Big Business and oligopoly. Why it
develops, its impact on society and why and how it enriches the few at
the expense of the many.
Section D
Revised, expanded and spell checked section D on How does capitalism and statism effect society. Even more arguments and facts against
capitalism and statism.
|
6.5 | 28/10/97 |
Slight corrections to sections A, B and C
|
6.4 | 03/09/97 |
Section J.6
Anarchist ideas on and methods for bringing up children.
Section B
Revised, expanded and spell checked section B on Why do anarchists
oppose the current system. Even more arguments and facts against
capitalism and statism.
Section C Introduction, C.2, C.6, C.7.2 and C.9
Slightly revised and expended sections on capitalist economics.
Sections
F and G have
been moved to another geocities address for space reasons.
|
6.3 | 17/07/97 |
Section C
Revised, expanded and spell checked section C on The Myths of
Capitalist Economics. Even more quotes from your favourite
anarchists and libertarians!. Even more arguments and facts against
capitalism!
Section E
Revised and spell checked section e on What do anarchists think causes ecological problems?.
Section G
Renamed, improved, expanded, revised and spell checked section G on
Is individualist anarchism capitalistic? - the short
answer being "no"! Indicates how and why individualist anarchism was
opposed to capitalism plus why social anarchists are critical
of the theory.
|
6.2 | 23/05/97 |
Section J.1
Newly completed sub-section. Find out why social struggle is important to
anarchists and how anarchists take part in it. For anarchists, social
struggle is the key from getting from capitalism to anarchy.
Section A
Revised section A on What is Anarchism?. Improved and updated
arguments and evidence, plus spell checked, and so on!
Section J - introduction and
J.2
Spell checked and slightly revised.
|
6.1 | 01/05/97 |
Section J.2
Newly completed sub-section. Find out all about direct action,
why anarchists support it, why we reject electioneering as a means of change
and why we do not vote.
Minor update of section B.3 to include a couple
of nice Proudhon quotes on how "property is despotism."
Minor updates of sections C.2 and
F.2.1 to make the quotes from Proudhon's
What is Property consistent in terms of edition. All quotes
now from B.R. Tucker's translation, Bellamy Library edition, London.
Minor updates to sections I.3, I.3.1, I.3.4
, I.3.5, I.4.4
and I.4.13 in order to make the possible
nature and workings of an anarchist "economy" clearer.
Minor update to section I.8.7 on the
Aragon rural collectives and how they were the product of the radicalisation
of the population during the 1930s.
|
6.0 | 26/03/97 |
Section B.3.4
New sub-section. Analysis of the claims that private property, particularly in
land, can be justified in terms of self-ownership. Also indicates the
authoritarian nature of private property and the way Robert Nozick ignores the
liberty of the dispossessed in his attempts to justify appropriation of land.
If land ownership cannot be justified, then capitalism is based upon stolen
goods.
Section B.7.1
This section on classes is slightly expanded to give details of income
mobility within capitalism. Argues that even high income mobility cannot
justify a class system and presents evidence that income mobility is
moderate at best.
Section F.2.2
New sub-section. Short discussion on why we should reject the right-Libertarian
"entitlement theory of justice." The means do not justify the ends, and if
the ends involve authoritarian social relationships, inequalities in liberty,
wealth and power, even "civilised" slavery, then the theory stinks.
Appendix
New appendix on Anarchism and "anarcho"-capitalism. As well as including the
old section F.10, this appendix contains new work - a reply to the claim
that the
Individualist Anarchists were not part of the socialist movement, a
discussion on
What socialism actually stands for,
analysis on whether
Proudhon and
Tucker were socialists or capitalists, a reply to claims that
"anarcho"capitalism is a form of anarchism
and a discussion on why anarchism cannot be
defined using dictionaries.
|
5.1 | 10/03/97 | Minor updates to sections C.11 and C.12 on the
Chilean "economic miracle." Why did it require mass murder, dictatorship
and state terror to create "free market" capitalism in Chile and
what was its actual results?
|
5.0 | 28/02/97 |
Section D.5
A slight update expanding upon the anarchist analysis of imperialism and
how it has developed over time.
Section C.7
An updated analysis of the capitalist business cycle. Argues that the
class struggle both outside and inside the workplace has an impact in
creating the business cycle. Old version ignored social struggle outside
the workplace and put too much emphasis on technological innovation
by big business. This has been corrected.
Sections C.8.1,C.8.2 and C.8.3
Anarchist analysis of the rise of social Keynesianism and its fall into
a combination of free markets and Pentagon-style Keynesianism. Even
reformed capitalist is not immune to the struggle for freedom against
hierarchy and the objective limits of capitalism.
Section F.1
Expanded arguments on why "anarcho"-capitalism is not anarchist. Contains
an excellent quote by Noam Chomsky on what he considers would happen if
it was tried in practice. Also contains the new sub-sections F.1.2 and F.1.3
on how libertarian right-libertarian theory is (not very!) and how most
right-Libertarians reject the scientific method in favour of dogma,
respectively.
Section G.5
An updated analysis of the ideas of Individualist Anarchist Benjamin
Tucker. More quotes from Tucker on the socialistic nature of his ideas and
his support for labour struggle.
Section I.7.4
Expanded analysis on why capitalism does not protect individuality and
why competition puts out the flame of individuality and rebellion.
Section J - Introduction
Introduction to the section on "What do Anarchists do?".
Gives a short overview of the anarchist approach to social struggles and
why its so important for creating an anarchist future. Plus updated
contents page - what to look forward to in
the near future!
|
4.1 | 14/02/97 | Minor updates to sections A.1.5, A.2.9,
I.5.8 and I.6.1.
|
|
4.0 | 10/02/97 |
Introduction
At long last an introduction to the FAQ and its history. Also names the
guilty parties.
What's New?
This "What's New" page will be a welcome addition to regular visitors to
the FAQ.
Section F.2.1
Do Libertarian-capitalists support slavery? Yes is the answer and find out
why this indicates that right-libertarians are not libertarians at all.
Section F.9
Update with new evidence of the nature of Medieval Iceland and why it
indicates that private property produces statism. More reasons why Medieval
Iceland demonstrates how "anarcho-"capitalism will not work in practice.
|
3.3 | 06/02/97 |
Section F.6
New analysis on how the "anarcho"-capitalist system of private states will become a public state. Builds on and extends original argument. |